Abstract: Allelopathy was defined in 1996 by IAS (international allelopathy society) as any process involving secondary metabolites produced by plant, algae, bacteria and fungi that influences the growth and development of agricultural and biological systems. Since varietal differences in allelopathy of crops against weeds were reported in the 1970s, much research has documented the potential that allelopathic rice, the mode plant and one of the most important staple food crops, offers an integrated weed management with substantially reduced herbicide usage. Past research focused on germplasm screening for elite allelopathic rice cultivars and the identification of the allelochemicals involved. Molecular approaches have elucidated the mechanism and genetics of allelopathy, and traditional breeding efforts were initiated to breed agronomically acceptable, weed-suppressive cultivars with improved allelopathic interference. Allelopathy of rice against to weeds was the effect of rice on growth of weeds through the release of compounds into environment. Application of allelopathic rice cultivars is thought a resources conservation and environmental friendly way of weed bio-control, and could promote the sustainable development of agriculture. In this paper, the situation of research on rice allelopathy was reviewed in evaluation method, mechanism and the possibility of application.